Vacuum-pump.



P. GOLOMBIER.

VACUUM PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED 1330.17, 1912.

Patented Feb. 17, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

P. GOLOMBIER.

VACUUM PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.17, 1912.

Patented Feb. 17,1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO..\vAsmNGTON. D. c.

PAUL COLOMBIER, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

VACUUM-PUMP.

ostess.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed December 17, 1912.

Patented Feb. 1'7, 1914. Serial No. 737,327.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, PAUL COLOMBIER, a citizen of France, and resident of Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vacuum-Ptunps, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a small hand pump intended for rapidly producing a vacuum. This pump is characterized by the absence of waste space, by constant lubrication of all the parts and also by simplicity of mechanism which gives it a particular applicability to many circumstances, for instance to household refrigerating machines, in which vacuum is produced above the water in a receptacle where evaporation causes freezing in a few moments.

Reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical section of the pump; Fig. 2, an external plan view. Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical sectional view of the lower portion of the pump mechanism showing more clearly the details of construction. Fig. 4L is a similar view showing a slightly modified valve arrangement.

By means of a handle 1 is turned a toothed wheel 3, located outside a casing 2 which contains the mechanism of the pump. This wheel 3 actuates, by means of a pinion 1, a flywheel. 5 intended to render the movement regular. The axle of this flywheel is mounted on the casing 2. The shaft 6 to which the handle 1 is attached extends into the easing 2, a tight joint being obtained by suitable packing such as a leather washer, an anti: friction brass washer being also employed.

The handle communicates, by means of a crank 10 and a connecting rod 11, an ascending and descending movement to the piston rod 12. These parts are contained in the upper part of the casing 2 and the piston works in the lower part, the two chambers being separated by a partition 14. The passage around the rod 12 is closed by a valve 15 having leather packing pressed on the partition 14 by a spring 16 resting against a guide sleeve 17 fixed by lugs to the partition 14.

The piston 13 is formed of two parts gripping the edge of the leather packing ring 18, a valve 19 closes the aperture in the lower part of the piston 13. This valve project-s a little below the lower face of the piston 13 in order to insure its opening at the end of the stroke. An open passage is provided at 20. Suction takes place through the ports 21 and 21. The port 21 is slightly above the upper face of the piston when the latter is at the bottom of its stroke, the port 21 is slightly above the bottom of the pump chamber. The suction valve 22 is placed in a chamber 26 and is provided with a nozzle 23 to which the pipe, connecting with the receptacle in which the vacuum is produced, is fitted, and the spindle 24: of this valve carries a cork float 25. This arrangement forms both a suction valve and a safety valve for preventing the passing of oil into the receptacle in which the vacuum has been produced in case the pump should be left under vacuum.

Oil is poured into the casing 2 up to about 4 or 5 centimeters from the axis of the handle. This oil passes beneath the piston 13 by a passage 27 formed in the lower casing 2 and having its end located in the interior of the casing 2 above the upper surface of the piston 13 when the latter is at the bottom of its stroke. The valve 28 is lifted by the action of the rin 29 carried by the rod 12 abutting against a stop 30 on the rod 31 of this valve 28 and the height and time of the lift are regulatable by the position of this stop 30.

From the commencement of the lift of the piston 13, air is aspirated through 21, and then through 21, the oil contained in the casing 2 passes through 27 and fills the bottom of the body of the pump and forms an emulsion, and when the piston 13 descends the valve 22 closes. Vacuum being produced above the piston, the valve 19 lifts, air and, at the end of the stroke, emulsified oil passes into the space above the piston 13. The piston 13 in descending uncovers the aperti'ire 21. At this moment the pressure in the upper part of the pump is lower "than that in the receptacle in which vacuum is being produced and the piston, continuing to descend, produces a further depression, and again increases the vacuum. lf it be again caused to rise, the emulsion will be expelled with the air through the valve 15 into the upper part of the casing containing the oil, and this emulsion being lighter than the oil rises immediately to the surface, and as soon as the ring 19 abuts against the stop 30, the valve 28 is lifted and the unemulsified oil is sent through the passage 27 to replace, beneath the piston 13, the emulsion which is expelled to the quantity necessary for occupying any waste space in the pump, insuring an almost perfect vacuum. Gwing to the regulation of the lift of the valve 28 no air bubbles pass through the passage 27 to the space beneath the piston 13.

W hen the piston 13 begins to ascend, oil passes into the chamber 26 through the port 21, and comes back through 21 under the piston. This oil is suficient for insuring the necessary suppression of any waste space. Therefore, the valve 28 and the passage 27 can be omitted. But, in order to insure the presence above the piston of oil in suflicient quantity to realize this circulation, the valve 15 must be maintained lifted during the commencement of the descent of the piston 13. To obtain this result (see Fig. 3) beneath the valve 15, bush 15 is mounted, which abuts against the piston 13; this latter must be descended of a height equal to the height of the bush in order to allow the valve 15 falling down upon its seat.

On Fig. 4, the valve 15 has been placed aside the piston rod 12, and it is slightly lifted during the beginning of the descent by a thrust device 30, regulated as hereinbefore described concerning the valve 28.

During operation the piston 13 cescends and as the contained oil and air are com pressed the valve 19 is elevated for allowing such contained oil and air to escape through the apertures 20, in the upper portion of the piston chamber. As the piston descends oil is forced into the chamber 26, as above stated, and the float 25 is lifted thereby to a position effectively closing the intake passage for the tube 28, and thus back discharge is rendered impossible. The piston continues to descend until arriving at the lowermost point and then it begins to ascend the valve 19 closes and prevents the return of the oil and air into the piston chamber. Thus portions of oil and air above the piston are compressed in the upper portion of the piston chamber until the pressure becomes suflicient for opening the valve 15 and thereupon such oil and air passes upwardly into the crank housing, the ejected oil carrying the air in the form of oil bubbles which rise to the upper part of the crank housing and the air from which may then escape through the upper end of said crank housing. This upward movement occurs under conditions obviating danger of air bubbles being sucked through the passage 27 and thus as the piston rises a fresh supply of oil is admitted through the passage 27 to the lower portion of the piston chamber. As the oil contained in the crank housing is dense and free from air at the lower end of the column of the oil, such dense oil is introduced into the piston chamber. At the same time, as the piston is ascending the oil will be withdrawn from the chamber 26 and the float 25 will thus drop to a position permitting the sucking of air through the pipe As the float 25 acts as a weight as soon as the oil is withdrawn from the chamber, t ie said float with the stem 2% and valve 22 effectively avoid back discharge of air.

In order to be able to detach the receptacle in which the vacuum is produced, from the apparatus which absorbs the water vapor, a vacuum breaker is fitted on the pipe 23. This vacuum breaker is formed of a ring 32 snugly fitting about nozzle 23 and provided with an aperture 32 which is brought into communication with an aperture formed in the nozzle 23 for breaking the vacuum, but otherwise the apertures are maintained out of register. Air is thus re-admitted, no difficulty or risk being caused by the operation.

Any agitating arrangement which, in conjunction with the water vapor absorbing apparatus, will cause ebullition andlowering of temperature involving freezing in a few strokes of the piston, may be fitted to this pump.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new is:

In a vacuum-pump, the combination of a piston chamber, a piston reciprocably mounted therein, means for reciprocating the piston an air intake chamber having an upper and a lower port communicating with the lower portions of the piston cham er, an air intake for the air intake chamber communicating with said chamber, the piston being provided with means-for enabling and controlling the passage of fluid therethrcugh, a float in the air intake chamher, and a valve connected with he float adapted to be shifted thereby to and from a position closing the air intake.

In testimony whereof I have signed my named to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PAUL COLOMBIER.

. lVitnesses:

Auronros hion'rninnnr, Hanson C. Conn,

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, I). C. 

